What is an alternator and how does it work?

An alternator is a key electrical component in vehicles and machinery that generates alternating current (AC) electricity. It charges the car battery and powers all electrical systems while the engine is running, including lights, air conditioning, radio, and electronic control units.

It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Inside the alternator, a rotating rotor creates a magnetic field. As it spins inside the stationary stator, it induces an alternating electric current in the stator windings. The built-in rectifier then converts AC into direct current (DC) to charge the battery and supply power to the vehicle’s electrical parts. A voltage regulator controls the output voltage to keep it stable and prevent overcharging.